17-page booklet, stapled, matte paper, off-white. General announcements, course offerings, fees, faculty profiles, calendar dates and graduation information.
BLACK MOUNTAIN COLLEGE BULLETIN
BLACK MOUNTAIN, NORTH CAROLINA
Announcements 1948-49
CALENDAR
Summer session 1948 July 1- Aug. 25
Fall semester 1948-49 Sept.8- Feb. 9
Christmas recess Dec.18- Jan.27
Spring semester 1949 Feb.14- June 15
Spring recess Apr.9- Apr.18
*section crossed out with red pencil
EDUCATION IN THE MODERN WORLD
EDUCATION IN THE MODERN WORLD
As a liberal arts college Black Mountain College is necessarily concerned with the essential problems of the times. Today these problems are world-wide. They have grown beyond the horizons of individual, group or nation. But they must be understood by individuals and solved by individuals. This generation will have acute need of both vision and practical competence.
To educate today, then, must mean to broaden outlook and to provide a setting where theory can be tested by action. Black Mountain College as a community is such a laboratory. The College, from its beginning, has recognized and sought to develop the special functions that a community can serve in general education. While carrying on the traditional disciplines of college education, the College seeks to combine the cultivation of imaginative thought with training in accurate reasoning; it attempts to develop foresight by emphasizing the search for fundamental principles that underlie transitory forms, and to show that knowledge must be linked with a will to act. It can reveal to what ends cooperation and competition each lead, and bring into balance work directed toward individual development and work done in the general interest of a group.
—
Black Mountain College Bulletin Volume 6 Number 3 April, 1948.
Issued five times a year, in February, March, April, May, and November. Entered as second-class matter November 4, 1942, at the Postoffice at Black Mountain, North Carolina, under the Act of August 24, 1912.
*section crossed out with red pencil
ORGANIZATION
The College is one of the few in the United States to be owned by its faculty and entirely controlled by its teachers and student body. The faculty has ultimate control of College property and educational discipline. The College has brother trustees nor the usual administrative officers, such as president and deans. The faculty elects from its membership a Board of Fellows which administers the finances and makes faculty appointments. Student officers attend faculty meetings dealing with the general affairs of the College. The chief student officer, the moderator, is a legal member of the Board of Fellows during his period of office. As such he has full voting power and an equal voice with the other eight members. Community problems are brought to the general community meeting for discussion and, in so far as possible, for settlement. These meetings, attended by all members of the staff, their families and the students, are in character much like the New England town meeting.
*section crossed out with red pencil
YEAR ROUND PROGRAM
The year at Black Mountain College is divided into specified terms and into free periods at Christmas, Easter, and the beginning and end of summer. (*end of cross out) Continuity in the life of the community is maintained year round in work on the farm, general maintenance, and administration. This means that a portion of the community arranges to remain during vacations to keep the plant going, also regarding these periods as valuable opportunities for independent work and study.
*section crossed out with red pencil
The fall semester will begin at 8:30 A.M., September 8, 1948. Christmas free period will extend from December 18, 1948, to 8:30 A.M., January 27, 1949. The semester will end February 9, 1949. The spring semester will begin at 8:30 A.M., February 14, 1949. The spring free period will extend from April 9 to April 18. The spring semester will end June 15, 1949. Summer session, 1949, dates to be announced.
*4) written in red pencil
COMMUNITY WORK PROGRAM
All members of the community devote some of their time to practical work. This includes routine housekeeping tasks plus such opportunities as farming, carpentry, plumbing, landscaping, library work, administration, help in the office, and preparation of concerts and entertainment. Some experience leading to the acquirement of skills in building and construction is obtainable through activities in connection with necessary maintenance and repair, and occasional building projects. Students contribute to and are responsible for many aspects of running the community. The student’s development in integrating into these responsibilities is considered an essential part of the Black Mountain College experience.
*2) written in red pencil
ADMISSION TO THE STUDENT BODY
The College has never had (*crossed out in red pencil with “NO” above it) fixed regulations concerning the age of scholastic background required of applicants for admission, since it has preferred to consider each individual case upon its merits. As a rule, the prospective student presents college preparatory credits, five references, and a transcript of previous work. If grades are low, there must be some compensatory evidence. The Admissions Committee, (*crossed out in red pencil) which is composed of both faculty and students (end of cross), looks for seriousness of purpose in the applicant. Experience has shown that those who profit most from Black Mountain College are those who have already arrived at a degree of maturity which makes them desire an opportunity for self-directed work and which enables them to work on their own responsibility. As this is a type of qualification which it is (crossed) very (end cross) difficult to judge in advance, and (crossed) because (end cross) the ability to work with others (crossed) in the sort of joint enterprise that the College seeks to be (end cross) needs to be tried out, (crossed) admission to the College is on a somewhat different basis from the other colleges. The unusual freedom from rules and regulations which characterizes the College only works when this is understood and used as an opportunity for better work, and when mutual awareness and care for common needs is sufficient. (end cross) Applicants who are admitted are invited to participate in the college and community life for a year, subject to review at the end of each term. At the end of each year, those who have shown sufficient capacity for working on their own responsibility, in both the area of their own interests and those of the community, and whose total contribution to the community is adjudged by the faculty to be sufficiently promising, are invited to return for further study, with the possibility of eventual graduation.
A faculty advisor is appointed for each entering student. After the first semester the student (crossed out) may (end cross) choose (letter s written in red pencil) his own advisor. A comprehensive examination is made available each year to those students who wish to find out how they stand in general knowledge and maturity, as evaluated by the faculty. At the time the student presents his plan of work toward graduation, he is given a detailed examination of his total preparation for the undertaking. Admission to candidacy for graduation is granted upon approval of the graduation plan if the student meets (crossed out) high (“Expected” written above) standards of competence in academic work, initiative and responsibility in community work, and sensitivity in the arts.
*3) written in red pencil
GRADUATION
When a student has completed his plan of study, he asks to be examined for graduation. If the faculty find the student’s work satisfactory, they invite an outside examiner to the College. The examiner usually requires seven three-hour papers covering the student’s field of study. These are followed by oral examinations. One of the papers concerned with a special problem may be presented in thesis form. In the Arts, exhibitions or performances may take the place of some of these papers. Graduation is decided upon by the faculty. The decision is based upon the report of the examiner and the student’s entire record.
Black Mountain College confers no degrees. The work demanded for graduation is equivalent to that required for a Bachelor of Arts degree at colleges and universities of long established standing. In the past, outside examiners have come from Duke University, Columbia, Bryn Mawr, University of North Carolina, Princeton, St. John’s College, Harvard, Yale, Antioch, University of Wisconsin, and other institutions.
*1) written in red pencil
GENERAL INFORMATION
Black Mountain College is situated in the heart of the Great Craggy Mountains of Western North Carolina, a section noted for its climate and scenery. Because of the altitude- 2,400 feet- the summers are usually cool, particularly at night. The College campus with its farm and a little lake is just off U.S. Highway 70, three miles from the town of Black Mountain. The railroad station, Black Mountain, is on the scenic Southern Railroad Line from Salisbury to Asheville. Direct Pullman cars run from New York to Black Mountain. The City of Asheville is fifteen miles from the College.
The College lake is bordered on the south by the dining hall, with a dining porch, on the north, by the new studies building erected with student and faculty labor. The living quarters of the College students include two dormitory buildings with bedrooms for two, three and more persons, and four temporary housing united supplied recently by the government.
Members of the Black Mountain College community take care of their own rooms.
At Black Mountain College teachers and students live on the campus. They have their meals together in the dining hall. Personal contact of students and teachers is a natural part of community life.
The college farm supplied milk, meat, and vegetables to the college kitchen.
Clothing appropriate for walking in the mountains and for working outdoors should be provided, as well as ordinary city clothes suitable for this climate. Evening dresses are worn at dances and concerts.
*section crossed out with red pencil
FIELDS OF STUDY
Each year study is conducted in the four broad fields of the Arts, Language and Literature, Mathematics and Science, and Social Studies. Specific courses vary from year to year according to faculty in residence, student demands and needs. These courses are supplemented by tutorials and informal study groups, which handle material not included in the formal schedule. Training toward independent and self-directed work is an aim of Black Mountain College. Students are advised to make a schedule that will give them time to do outside work on their own. They are also advised, at least in a long range way, to balance their programs between reading, making, and doing.
The following courses were given during 1947-1948. They represent, within limits, the area covered during a year. Courses for 1948-1949 will be announced shortly before the beginning of the fall semester. Students interested in taking certain courses at a certain time should inquire whether such courses are to be given.
In the Arts, work was conducted in Painting, Drawing, Design, Weaving, Bookbinding, Music, Piano, Chorus, Writing. In addition, groups worked together in Acting, Sculpture, and Printing, under the direction of student-teachers.
In Languages, Latin and beginning and intermediate German were given’ French and Russian were available through informal study. The History of the English Language was also offered.
Courses in Literature included Poetry, Fiction, Greek Drama, and American Literature, 1850-1900.
Mathematics and Science stressed both theoretical and laboratory considerations: Introduction to Elementary and Higher Mathematics, Projective Geometry, Mathematical Analysis and Mechanic, Calculus, Advanced Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Quantitative Analysis.
Courses in Social Studies were given in psychology, sociology, economics, history, philosophy: Group Process, Individual and Society, History of Social Struggles, Soil and Steel, Introductory Economics, Accounting, Labor’s Economic Problems, Labor Relations, American Government, American Civilization, Logic, Ethics, Philosophy of Science, History of Philosophy, Philosophy of John Stuart Mill, Contemporary Philosophy.
The faculty at Black Mountain College teach what they wish, considering need as well as preference; therefore the curriculum can be only approximately predicted. Study is not wholly a matter of participation in the courses scheduled for any given term. There is the opportunity to engage in work of a widely various kind, depending upon the initiative of the student and the facilities available. Also it is a part of the life here for people who are interested to get together, and, for example, to read plays or to conduct additional experiments in psychology, or to dance, or to experiment with printing at the college print shop, or to do research in community. These things are not provided in advance; when they happen it is because the individuals who are here create them.
Classes are conducted in a variety of ways at Black Mountain College: by laboratory practice, by lecture, by discussion, by seminar, by tutorial, by connection with the operation of the place itself. Instructor differ widely in approach and personality. But it seems to be true that through materials and methods differ, there is a kind of common gain from the close and loving pursuit of different subjects. So the quality of study, rather than the number of courses, measures the development of taste, judgement, workmanlike habits of thinking and producing, dexterity, thoroughness, imagination, confidence.
*section crossed out with red pencil
SUMMER SESSION
The experiment of a general summer program which also features special work in one field was so successful last year that Black Mountain College is planning to offer it again in 1948. The emphasis on the summer schedule this year will be courses in Art. Visiting artists will be present in addition to some members of our regular faculty. Also plans are in process for visiting faculty in the humanities.
In summer the normal life of the College continues, with a partly changed personnel. Some year round students remain and many come just for the Summer Session. Thus the summer is a time when students may try out Black Mountain College, and when Black Mountain College may try out students. After attending the Summer Session many have remained as regular members of the College community.
A detailed announcement of the Summer Session faculty and offerings will be made late in the spring. Application for admission may be made immediately.
FACULTY
ANNI ALBERS Textile Design
Art School, Berlin; Kunstgewerbe School, Hamburg; Bauhaus, Weimar; Bauhaus Diploma.
With Weaving Department of Bauhaus, 1925-1929. Work in weaving exhibited in Europe and the United States. Weavings in permanent collections of National Museum of Munich, and Textil Museum, Zwickau.
Black Mountain College since 1933.
JOSEF ALBERS Art
Royal Art School, Berlin; Kunstgewarbe School, Essen; Art Academy, Munich; Bauhaus Weimar.
Positions in German public schools; at the Bauhaus, Weimar, Dessau, and Berlin, 1923-1933. Appointment to a professorship, 1930. Works exhibited widely in Europe and the Americas. Guest Lecturer, Harvard Graduate School of Design, 1936-1941. Visiting Instructor, spring semester and summer school, Harvard University, 1941. Summer courses at Museum of Modern Art, 1943, and Lowthorpe School, Groton, Mass., 1943, 1944.
Black Mountain College since 1933.
*marked with red pencil, “resigned” and crossed out section
CHARLES BLOOMSTEIN Social Science and Business Administration
City College of New York, B.S., M.B.A.; C.P.A., State of New York; Certified Public Accountant, 1938-1943; Executive Secretary, New England Committee for C.A.R.E., 1946-1947.
Black Mountain College since 1947.
*marked with red pencil, “resigned” and crossed out section
ILYA BOLOTOWSKY Painting and Drawing
College St. Joseph, Constantinople, Turkey. National Academy of Design, New York. Numerous prizes at the NAD. Scholarships to the Tiffany and the Yaddo Foundations. Studied the old masters in France, Italy, Denmark, and England, 1932.
Charter member of the American Abstract Artists and of the Federation of Modern Artists and Sculptors. In Who’s Who in American Art, and Who’s Win in the East, etc. Murals at the New York World’s Fair, 1939, the Hospital for Chronic Diseases, N.Y., the Williamsburg Housing, N.Y., the Theodore Roosevelt High School, N.Y.
Represented in the Philadelphia Museum, in the Museum of Nonobjective Painting, in the Phillips Memorial Gallery, Washington, D.C., in the Miller Company Collection, Meriden, Conn., Indiana Museum of Abstract Art, Mrs. George H. Warren, Jr., George L.K. Morris, the Pinacotheca, the New Art Circle, Phillips Steel Co., and other collections.
Black Mountain College since 1946.
*In red pencil “ill”
DAVID H. CORKRAN American History and Literature
Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut, A.B.; Harvard University, M.A.; University of Chicago, Columbia University.
Positions as Head of English Department, Lowville Free Academy, Lowville, New York, 1923-1925; Head of English Department, North Shore Country Day School, Winnetka, Illinois, 1926-1944; Instructor in Winnetka Graduate Teachers’ College, 1932-1944; Demonstration Teacher in Summer Institute for Teachers, United States Indian Bureau, Chilocco, Oklahoma, summer 1937; Acting Headmaster and Dean of Boys, North Shore Country Day School, 1936-1944.
Contributor to Progressive Education Magazine and the English Journal.
Black Mountain College since 1945.
*in red pencil “on leave”
MAX WILLHELM DEHN Mathematics
University of Goettingen, A.M., Ph.D.
Assistant in Geometry and Analysis, Technische Hochschule, Karlsruhe, 1900-1901; Privat Dozent in Mathematics, University of Muenster, 1901-1911; Professor Titularius, 1905; Professor Extraordinarius of Mathematics, University of Kiel, 1911-1913; Professor of Mathematics, Technische Hochschule, Breslau, 1913-1921; Professor of Mathematics, University of Frankfurt, 1921-1935; Acting Professor of Mathematics, Tekniske Hoiskole, Trondhjem, 1939-1940; Assistant Professor of Mathematics and Philosophy, University of Idaho (Southern Branch), 1941-1942; Visiting Lecturer, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, 1942-1943; Tutor, St. John’s College, 1943-1944. Member of the Norwegian Academy of Science, Oslo.
Black Mountain College since 1945.
THEODORE DREIER Mathematics
Harvard College, A.B.; Harvard Engineering School, S.B. in E.E.
Positions with General Electric Company, 1925-1930; Rollins College, 1930-1933.
Black Mountain College since 1933.
*crossed out in red pencil, marked “on leave”
*JOHN EVARTS Music
Yale University, A.B.; Yale Music School; private instruction, Munich, Hochschule fuer Musik, Berlin; composition with Hans Weisse, New York; Concord Summer School of Music.
Position at Milbrook School for Boys, 1931-1932; Assistant Music Critic, Brooklyn Daily Eagle, 1932-1933.
Black Mountain College since 1933.
*On leave of absence
NATASHA GOLDOWSKI Chemistry and Physics
University of Paris, D.Sc., Ph.D.
Research Associate, University of Chicago, 1943-1945; Illinois Institute of Technology, 1944-1946; Princeton University, 1945-1947.
Black Mountain College since 1947.
TRUDE GEURMOPREZ Weaving
Graduate, Realgymnasium Cologne; studied Textile Design and Weaving at Art School Cologne and Halle; graduate Berlin.
Worked for six years as textile designer in Holland, Het Paapje and DePloeg, handweaving factory.
Black Mountain College since 1946.
*crossed out in red pencil
TASKER HOWARD, JR. Social Science
Graduate of Black Mountain College; Columbia University, M.A.
Positions with National Labor Relations Board, 1940-1947.
Black Mountain College since 1947.
JOHANNA JALOWETZ Bookbinding and Voice
Studied voice in Olomouc, Czechoslovakie, and Vienna.
Studied bookbinding, Cologne and New York.
Black Mountain College since 1939.
*marked in red pencil “on leave”
ALBERT WILLIAM LEVI Social Science
Dartmouth College, A.B.; University of Chicago, A.M., Ph.D.
Instructor in Philosophy, Dartmouth College, 1935-1937; Assistant Professor, 1938-1941; Research Associate in the Social Sciences, Cooperative Study in General Education and Assistant Professor of Education, University of Chicago, 1942-1944; Assistant Professor of Social Sciences, 1944-1945.
Editor of Logic and Language; Author: Rational Belief, The Social Studies and General Education, articles and reviews in Ethics, Psychoanalytical Review, The Journal of Higher Education, and Educational Forum.
FRANK AYDELOTTE RICE German
Black Mountain College; University of North Carolina, A.B.; University of Michigan, A.B.L.S.; Columbia University Graduate School.
Assistant Professor of German, College of Charleston, Charleston, S.C., 1946-1947.
Black Mountain College since 1947.
*marked in red pencil “on leave”
MARY CAROLINE RICHARDS English
Reed College, A.B.; University of California, M.A., Ph.D.
Positions at University of California, 1938-1942; Central Washington College of Education, 1943; University of Chicago, 1944-1945.
*marked in red pencil “on leave”
THEODORE RONDTHALER History
University of North Carolina, A.B.; Princeton University, M.A.
Positions as Instructor in English, University of North Carolina, 1920-1921; Reading Fellow, Princeton University, 1922-1923; Head of English Department, Hun School, Princeton, 1923-1924; Head of Latin Department, Salem College, Winston-Salem, 1925-1927; Teacher of History and Principal, Clemmons Consolidated School, Forsyth County System, North Carolina, 1929-1944.
Black Mountain College since 1945.
CHARLOTTE SCHLESINGER Music
Hochschule fuer Musik, Berlin, 1925-1930, composition; Beethoven- Prize Pedagogical Seminar; State Examination Teaching Diploma, summa cum laude.
Instructor, Hochschule fuer Musik, Berlin, 1930, Assistant Professor, 1931-1933; Vienna Conservatory, 1933-1934; Kiev Conservatory, USSR, 1935-1938; Foxhollow School, Lenox, Massachusetts, 1938-1946.
Black Mountain College since 1946.
RAYMOND S. TRAYER Farm
Graduate assistant, Springfield College, Social Science Division, 1940-1941; Pendle Hill Graduate School, summer session, 1941.
Civilian Public Service under American Friends Service Committee, 1941-1945; Hershey Industrial School, 1945-1946; Pendle Hill, 1946.
Black Mountain College since 1946.
*crossed out in red pencil, marked “resigned”
JOHN LEWIS WALLEN Psychology
Harvard University, B.S., magna cum laude in Psychology, 1940; Ohio State University, M.A. in Psychology, 1941; Harvard Graduate School, M.A. in Psychology, 1942; Ohio State University, special student.
Research Assistant, Harvard Psychological Clinic, 1941-1942; experience in counseling cases in private practice; Psychological Assistant, Psycho. Res. Unit No. 1, Nashville Army Air Center, Tennessee; Teaching Assistant, Ohio State University, 1944; Instructor, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, 1944.
Black Mountain College since 1945.
*section crossed out in red pencil
BOARD OF FELLOWS
Josef Albers, Theodore Dreier, Albert William Levi, Theodore Rondthaler
*section crossed out in red pencil
STUDENT OFFICERS
Harry Holl, Paul Williams
*section crossed out in red pencil
ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF
Albert William Levi Rector, Theodore Rondthaler Treasurer, Tasker Howard, Jr. Secretary, David Corkran Registrar, Nell A. Rice Librarian, Alice Rondthaler Office Secretary, Christa Noland Nurse, Raymond Trayer Clifford Moles Farm Managers.
*5) written in red pencil
FEES
Black Mountain College charges one inclusive fee of $1600, which covers tuition and room and board for the regular academic year of two semesters.* There are no other fees except the occasional items listed below on this page. The schedule of payment is as follows:
On notification of acceptance, to reserve a place (non-refundable) $200.00
On opening day of fall semester, September 8, 1948 3/5 of balance**
On opening day of spring semester, February 14, 1949 the balance
Students who are unable to pay this fee are referred to the section below on financial assistance. It is the specific
*The College reserves the right to change this fee is necessitated by further increase of costs.
** Plus Contingency deposit of $25.00.
Desire of the College that students otherwise qualified should not be excluded for financial reasons.
The inclusive fee of $1600 is intended to cover all of a student’s expenses except those that are purely personal and the following occasional items:
Application fee $5.00
Contingency deposit $25.00
Examination for graduation $25.00
Fee for late payment of any bill $10.00
Community Council assessment, not to exceed $10.00
All students should acquaint themselves with the additional information contained in the following three sections.
*6) written in red pencil
PROCEDURE
The College writes a Financial Agreement with each student each year, setting forth the terms of attendance. The Agreement is signed by the student and by the person responsible for payments of fees. It is validated by the prepayment of $200. No place is reserved for any student until the signed Agreement and prepayment are received. The prepayment is not refundable. It is a payment in advance on the student’s fee, and is so credited. The Agreement and prepayment complete the admission and make it effective.
The Contingency deposit, due on opening day, must be maintained while the student is in attendance; breakage, damage, or less are charged against it, but any unused portion is refunded after graduation or withdrawal. Fees are payable on schedule, and if not paid within ten days are subject to the fee for late payment. The Community Council assessment, expended in the general community interest, varies with needs, but in no case exceeds $10.00. The application fee must accompany any application for admission, and is not refundable.
The inclusive fee for the eight-week Summer Session of 1948 is $380, subject in general to the same sort of financial terms as the other semesters. Detailed information on request.
Veterans planning to attend under the provisions of the G.I. Bill should write for details.
*7) written in red pencil
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
Believing that a cross-section of American life, economically as well as geographically, contributes to the educational value of the College, and realizing that ability to pay the full fee is in no sense a criterion of the student’s desirability, the College tries to make financial assistance available to qualified students who need it. Ideally, and in so far as possible practically, admission to the student body is made to depend upon personal merit. The Admissions Committee decides upon each applicant, in the first instance, quite independently of financial considerations. Unfortunately, lack of endowment and limited resources do not permit full expression of this principle, since a certain gross income must by maintained from student fees in order to meet the operating expenses of the College. Those who can are required to pay full fee. Others pay as large a share of the full fee as they can reasonably afford to, the deficiency being made up chiefly from gifts to the College.
In order to arrive at a fair figure, those who cannot afford the full fee of $1600 are required to make an annual confidential statement of their financial resources on a blank furnished for the purpose by the College. On the basis of this statement the Student Fees Committee grants assistance up to a maximum amount of $1100; that is to say, under no circumstances should the prospective student expect that his net fee will be less than $500.
There is no provision for students’ working their way through College. No distinction of any kind is made between students on the basis of what they pay. All students participate in the work program of the College without reference to their financial status.
The Derek Bovingdon Memorial Loan Fund provides the possibility of occasional small loans to students who need money to complete work already begun at the College.
The fund is not intended for loan to entering students.
OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION
No student may enter or remain in residence while any financial arrangements for the current year are pending.
A new Financial Agreement must be signed in advance each year that the student remains in the College, and must be supported by the regular non-refundable pre-payment. The College reserves the right to alter individual fees from year to year in the light of changed circumstances.
Physicians’ services and special medicines must be paid for individually.
The dining hall does not and cannot provide special diets.
For personal expenses students should have $30.00 to $75.00 per semester exclusive of transportation.
The College is not responsible for loss, theft, or damage to students’ property arising from any cause.
*section crossed out in red pencil
STUDENTS 1947-1948
Abell, Robert L. Durham N.H.
Albers, Dorothy L. New York N.Y.
Asawa, Ruth Norwalk Cal.
Auerbach, Claudia New York N.Y.
Baker, Vera New York N.Y.
Banks, Anne F. Bristol Tenn.
Benjamin, David New York N.Y.
Bergman, John Beaver Dam Wis.
Blaine, Lorna Jaffrey N.H.
Bonge, Lyle Biloxi Miss.
Boyce, Charles P. Nashville Ind.
Brody, Albert P. Cleveland Ohio
Cable, Herbert A. Los Angeles Cal.
Chernoff, Ralph C. Brookline Mass.
Christoph, Willa S. New York N.Y.
Clements, Garland A. Gary Ind.
Core, Lewis S. Morgantown W.Va.
Dickson, Shirley G. New York N.Y.
Dreier, Theodore, Jr. Black Mountain N.C.
Dubovik, Larry Chicago Ill.
Dunn, Nancy C. Portsmouth N.H.
Durant, Kendall L. Huntington N.Y.
Falk, Gustave S., Jr. Cleveland Ohio
Fein, Anita M. New York N.Y.
Fiore, Joseph A. Willoughby Ohio
Foster, Anne Dunn South Norwalk Conn.
Foster, Francis A. Black Mountain N.C.
Freiheit, Audrey J. Bronxville N.Y.
Friscia, Albert New York N.Y.
Fuerstenberg, Wilma G. New York N.Y.
Fullman, Delores Chicago Ill.
Geissbuhler, Mirande New York N.Y.
Gellorn, Elizabeth C. Medellin Colombia
Girsh, Sylvia Detroit Mich.
Gonzales y Zayas, Jose Habana Cuba
Green, J. Dawes Stanley Wis.
Hebel, Stanley E. Santa Barbara Cal.
Herlihy, James L. Detroit Mich.
Holl, Harry W. New York N.Y.
Jackson, Alice W. Cambridge Mass.
Jackson, Ronald B. Boston Mass.
Johnson, Raymond E. Detroit Mich.
Josefowitz, Fenny New York N.Y.
Joseph, William W. Cincinnati Ohio
Kadden, Lore Brookline Mass.
Karp, Bernard D. Fort Washington Pa.
Knowles, Jane Auburndale Mass.
Krikorian, Leo Fowler Cal.
Krowinski, Felix T. Niagara Falls N.Y.
Lane, Mervin L. New York N.Y.
Lanier, W. Albert Metter Ga.
Larsen, Hazel-Frieda Milwaukee Wis.
Levine, Conalee Brooklyn N.Y.
Levy, Jerrold E. Aspen Col.
Light, Julie R. Danbury Conn.
Lynch, Patricia G. St.Louis Mo.
Masurovsky, Gregory Bronx N.Y.
Maurice, Jean H. New York N.Y.
Mayer, Ann Glencoe Ill.
McClure, James J. Detroit Mich.
Miller, Mary Ellan Los Angeles Cal.
Miller, Nancy H. Short Hills N.J.
Mora, Emma Gladys Washington D.C.
Mulholland, Marie M. Alhambra Cal.
Mulholland, Roderick L. Alhambra Cal.
Muzenic, A. Nicolas Pacific Palisades Cal.
Nakata, Isaac S. Black Mountain N.C.
Negro, Richard Fair Lawn N.J.
Nemenya, Peter Bjorn Washington D.C.
Noland, Harry C. Black Mountain N.C.
Noland, Kenneth C. Black Mountain N.C.
Ogorzalek, Stanislaus J. Lansford Pa.
Oline, Sheila Northport N.Y.
Outten, Warren B. St.Louis Mo.
Parker, Alexander S. New York N.Y.
Payson, Lorna Portland Me.
Penn, Arthur Hiller New York N.Y.
Perrow, Charles B. Tacoma Wash.
Resnik, David Ramsey N.J.
Robinson, Charlotte St.Francisville La.
Rondthaler, Katharine Black Mountain N.C.
Rothman, Marion Los Angeles Cal.
Schauffler, Katharine Prairie View Ill.
Schauffler, Manvel New Rochelle N.Y.
Shapley, Carl Cambridge Mass.
Shult, Wanda Fairbury Ill.
Sihvonen, Joan Couch Voluntown Conn.
Sihvonen, Miriam T. Voluntown Conn.
Sihvonen, Olavi T. Voluntown Conn.
Sillman, Sewell Atlanta Ga.
Singer, Carol New York N.Y.
Sohmers, Harriet New York N.Y.
Spahn, Richard New York N.Y.
Stack, Joan S. Minneapolis Minn.
Stiles, Leonard Stillwater Cal.
Tite, James L. San Mateo Cal.
Treichler, William Walker Iowa
Vaughan, Peggy Tolk New York N.Y.
Warner-Jones, Margarita Suffolk England
Watkins, William Ragland McComb Miss.
Weitzer, Harry Clayton Mo.
Williams, Paul F. Winnetka Ill.
SUMMER SESSION 1947
Adams, Henry Lenoir N.C.
Auerbach, Claudia New York N.Y.
Banks, Anne Bristol Tenn.
Bex, Joseph Fort Wayne Ind.
Callman, Ellen Kew Gardena N.Y.
Cole, Margaret Philadelphia Pa.
Dinowitzer, Shirley Washington D.C.
Dunn, Anne South Norwalk Conn.
Fiore, Joseph Willoughby Ohio
Friscia, Albert New York N.Y.
Gold, Lenore Chicago Ill.
Holl, Harry New York N.Y.
Hopman, Marcia Washington D.C.
Kadden, Lore Brookline Mass.
Kinnell, Galway Pawtucket R.I.
Langley, Charles Marshall Tex.
Levy, Andre Mexico City Mex.
Lieberman, Norma Brooklyn N.Y.
Loomis, Sarah New York N.Y.
Margaretten, Mary R. Perth Amboy N.J.
McClure, James Detroit Mich.
Millhendler, Adele Lynn Mass.
Miller, Doris Asheville N.C.
Miller, Quentin Asheville N.C.
Miller, Nancy Short Hills N.J.
Muzenic, A. Nicolas Pacific Palisades Cal.
Nemenyi, Peter Bjorn Whiteoak Md.
Noland, Harry Asheville N.C.
Ogorzalek, Stanislaus J. Lasford Pa.
Parker, Alexander S. New York N.Y.
Resnik, David Ramsey N.J.
Rondthaler, Katharine Black Mountain N.C.
Sihvonen, Miriam Voluntown Conn.
Sohmers, Harriet New York N.Y.
Spahn, Richard New York N.Y.
Steer, Alice Lima Ohio
Swackhammer, Egbert Middletown N.J.
Swift, Lucy New York N.Y.
Vahrenkamp, Martha Waco Tex.
Vaughan, Peggy Tolk New York N.Y.
Watkins, William Ragland McComb Miss.
Weiss, Rita Miami Fla.
ADVISORY COUNCIL
Arthur S. Adams Ithaca New York
Assistant Dean, College of Engineering, Cornell University
Ethel C. Amory Cambridge Mass.
Francis F. Bradshaw New York N.Y.
John E. Burchard Cambridge Massachusetts
Director, Albert Farwell Bemis Foundation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Samuel S. Cooley, M.D. Black Mountain North Carolina
Captain, U.S. Army Medical Corps
Fernando de los Rios New York New York
Former Minister of Foreign Affairs, Spanish Republic
John Dewey New York New York
Professor Emeritus of Philosophy, Columbia University
Adrian J. Dornbush Washington, District of Columbia
Ethel E. Dreier Fort Salonga New York
Josephine W. Duveneck Los Altos California
Sarah Goodwin Concord Massachusetts
Walter Gropius Lincoln Massachusetts
Chairman, School of Architecture, Harvard University
Joseph Katz Baltimore Maryland
President, Joseph Katz Advertising Company
Max Lerner New York New York
Editor, PM
Walter Locke Dayton Ohio
Editor, Dayton Daily News
Herminio Portell Vila Havana Cuba
Intitutio Cultural Cubano-NorteAmericano; Professor of History, University of Havana.
Malcolm Ross Washington DC
Director of Information, National Labor Relations Board
Herbert W. Sanders Black Mountain North Carolina
Executive Secretary, Blue Ridge Association
Dr. Erwin W. Straus Lexington Kentucky
Director of Clinical Psychology, Veterans’ Hospital
Karl Terzhagi Winchester Mass.
Professor of Soil Mechanics, Harvard University
Fred Wale Chicago Ill.
