24-page booklet with cover, matte paper, off-white with grey hardstock cover/brown seal. Printed at Black Mountain College. Includes college calendar, introduction, origin and history, study and curriculum, admission to the student body, financial information, faculty and staff, students 1949-1950.
*Front of catalog features logo designed by Josef Albers. Orange circle with text “BLACK MOUNTAIN COLLEGE BLACK MOUNTAIN N.C.” wrapped around it.
BLACK MOUNTAIN COLLEGE BULLETIN 1950-1951
COLLEGE CALENDAR 2
INTRODUCTION 3
ORIGIN AND HISTORY 6
ORGANIZATION
OFFICERS 1949-1950 7
STUDY AND CURRICULUM 8
COURSES OF INSTRUCTION 9
PLAN OF STUDY 10
GRADUATION 11
SUMMER SESSION 12
ADMISSION TO THE STUDENT BODY 13
FINANCIAL INFORMATION 14
STUDENT AID
LOCATION AND LIVING ACCOMMODATIONS 16
THE LIBRARY 17
LABORATORIES
OTHER EQUIPMENT 18
HEALTH
FACULTY AND STAFF 19
STUDENTS 1949-1950 23
COLLEGE CALENDAR 1950-1951
SUMMER SESSION 1950
8:30 a.m. July 6 through August 30
FALL SEMESTER 1950-1951
8:30 a.m. September 20 to noon February 3
WINTER VACATION
December 13 to January 3
SPRING SEMESTER 1951
8:30 a.m. February 7 to noon June 13
SPRING VACATION
March 28 to April 8
Black Mountain College is a unique adventure.
A small community of students and teachers share a common life and together do the work of education.
It is therefore appropriate that this catalog should begin with a description of the College by a student, who wrote it as a frank attempt to tell prospective students what they would find here:
“Black Mountain College is, as schools go, very new. As with all new things, it is difficult to find or formulate the points that most characterize it. It is still changing, growing. Many of us feel that it will never cease to change and grow, that it will never become static. This has certain obvious disadvantages. But the advantages outweigh them. Each student and faculty member has his own concept of what the College means. One point on which we all agree is that each individual should have maximum freedom of thought and action tempered with consideration for the other members of the community. Our life, study, and work here is geared to this principle.
“We sometimes speak of the school as a community. That is true in that there are approximately a hundred people- students, staff, teachers and their families- living on the campus. Though we go in to Asheville or Black Mountain often, we are 5 miles from the nearest town. We have our own store, bi-monthly movies, and frequent concerts. We eat together in the dining hall, have community meetings to discuss matters relative to the whole population. And we work together to maintain and improve our buildings, farm, and roads.
“The student-faculty relationship is unusually close. Each student has an advisor, with whom he meets as frequently as there is need, to discuss problems that relate to his life and work as a whole. Students feel free to take questions and interests to any faculty member whether they are studying under him or not.
“Classes are small and informal. Most of them tend to be of the conference type, although a faculty member may teach in whatever way he prefers. Discussions are often heated. But the groups are small enough for each voice to be heard. All the teachers feel the importance of frequent individual conferences, and some courses have private conferences as a scheduled addition to class meetings. Teaching and study adhere to rules of need, capacity, and interest rather than to a formal pattern. Some courses are created by specific current demand, as, for example, this year Geometry for Artists and Music for Dance. In addition to these and to regularly offered courses, a great deal of work is done by tutorial.
“The closeness of personal association is made possible by the smallness off the College. But also by an unusual spirit of cooperation between the student body and the faculty. This is, of course, not without exception. Unanimity is a difficult to achieve here as anywhere else, maybe more so in this group of individualists who have undertaken to work together. The student body contains many differences of opinion within itself; faculty sessions are often stormy. However, the community is self-owning and self-governing, and has representative governing bodies. We make all our own mistakes. The extent to which democracy is practiced is quite remarkable. Naturally the forms of government like everything else at Black Mountain College can be challenged, and often are.
“The College is not endowed. Most of our income is derived from tuition and from occasional gifts. This means that we must be as self-sustaining as possible. Hence, much of the maintenance work is handled by students. There are enough things to be done that each of us can find a job that he can do. This year we were caught short by the coal strike. Both students and faculty put in many hours cutting and hauling timber to supplement our diminished coal piles. This year also we chose to wash dishes in order to give the kitchen staff time to bake bread for us. We are building a new chemistry and physics laboratory and a ceramics building. These are immediate needs.
“In addition, work at the farm is unceasing- cows must be milked, chickens and hogs fed, crops planted and harvested. Carpentry and electrical jobs have to be done. Roads must be repaired after bad weather. Porches require periodic application of creosote. There are always things that need doing from the office to the linen room. To keep the work program functioning as smoothly as possible, this fall we elected a work planning committee. Including work afternoon, we try to put in from 8 to 12 hours of work each week.
“The work program, by providing exercise, takes the place of the usual physical education programs elsewhere. In addition, mountain climbing, golf, fishing, swimming in our own lake or streams are possibilities. Impromptu football and softball games crop up regularly fall and spring. Recreation of another type is provided by parties, which we like. There are several large ones during the year. Also smaller affairs- folk dancing and jam sessions. And, frequently, modern dance programs and concerts.
“We have few traditions but several pleasant customs. One of these is Wednesday tea. On Wednesday afternoon at 4 o’clock everyone who is free usually goes to the community house for tea, cookies and conversation. On Sunday nights we go there to drink coffee and to see exhibits of work by students and faculty in art, bookbinding, ceramics, woodworking, photography, printing, weaving, or to hear reading of original work. Frequently the exhibits are followed by record concerts at someone’s house.
“Most of our common life is centered in the Studies Building. Class rooms, the biology lab, weaving room, sculpture court, and magazine room- all are there, in addition to the faculty and student study rooms. Each person has a small study to decorate and work in privately. All the study rooms have built-in shelves and some have built-in desks. To these we add whatever touches we like-hot plates, phonographs, easels, blackboards. The dorms we use mainly as places to sleep and dress.
“Life here is exactly what each individual makes it. Our study rooms are as comfortable or as barren as we arrange them. We derive a sense of value or of failure from our classes and from our student-faculty contacts dependent upon the enthusiasm and sincerity we put into them. We are happy and adjusted in direct proportion to our own efforts to be so.”
ORIGIN AND HISTORY
Black Mountain College was founded in order to provide a place where free use might be made of tested and proved methods of education and new methods tried out in a purely experimental spirit.
The College came into existence in the fall of 1933 as the result of the interest of a small group of teachers and students from Rollins College. Several ideas seem to have been lively in their minds as they went to work in their new College. The College was to be co-educational and free from outside control. The importance of students’ taking responsibility was to be candidly recognized. The individual was to be the chief consideration. The creative arts were to have a central place in the curriculum. Did they aspire to be and to create perfect men? Nowadays the slogan has come to be “the education of the whole person.”
In 1941 the College moved to its new property on Lake Eden. Previously it had leased during the year the Blue Ridge Assembly Hall. Since 1940 a number of buildings have been erected to add to those already on the property, which was formerly a summer resort. Most of these were made with study and faculty help. The College has continued to grow in size of faculty and number of facilities, although a small study body is one of its basic principles.
ORGANIZATION
The charter of the College places ownership of its properties and control of its affairs with the faculty. The entire faculty meets regularly to decide matters of educational policy. Financial decisions and appointments are made by a board of fellows, elected from among its membership by the faculty. The College’s chief administrative officer is elected by the faculty from among the fellows for a term of one year. The board elects a treasurer and a secretary. There is no sharp cleavage between the administrative and the educational functions of the College. Nor do any privileges of rank or permanent tenure exist at the present time.
The chief student officer, the moderator, elected by the student body from among themselves, is a legal voting member of the board of fellows. He and other student officers meet with the faculty. Students serve on committees, including the admissions committee, largely govern their own affairs, and take charge of many aspects of college and community life. No decisions affecting the students are made without consulting them or their representatives.
Occasionally questions affecting the community as a whole are discussed at general meetings where everyone has a voice. A community council, composed of representatives elected by faculty, students, and other college personnel, meets regularly to handle details of community welfare.
Set organization of daily life is held to a minimum. Policies and procedures are generally arrived at by agreement rather than by rule.
OFFICERS 1949-1950
Board of Fellows
Nichola Cernovich, David H. Corkran, Natasha Goldowski, Albert William Levi, chairman, Nell Rice, Fiola L. Shepard, secretary, Raymond S. Trayer, Don Warrington, treasurer
Student Officers
Nichola Cernovich, moderator, Mary Fitton, Bernard Karp, June Rice
Community Council
Max Dehn, chairman, Malry Few, Mary Fitton, Warren P. Jennerjahn, Bernard Karp, Dorothy M. McCandless, secretary, Robert C. Turner
STUDY AND CURRICULUM
Education at Black Mountain College takes place in the setting of a community and is conceived of as a balance between intellectual, creative, and social skills. The academic curriculum is supplemented by work in the arts, by physical work, and by group responsibilities.
Stress upon creative work is a feature of the education Black Mountain College uniquely seeks. To learn really to see, to hear, to touch, to shape, to compose, to express emotion, to convey one’s sense of experience, to make something new out of a medium that has its own laws- these activities enrich life and, more than that, instruct one in principles or order and relationship and meaning.
All members of the community devote some of their time to practical work in connection with maintaining the physical existence of the College. The work program is an important part of the college economy. In order to make possible fee reductions to students, most of the work of the College must be done by its members rather than by a hired staff. Therefore all who are able to do so are expected to share in the labor of running the community; upkeep of buildings and grounds, occasional design and construction of new buildings, woodcutting and road repair; library and administrative work; office, kitchen, housekeeping routines. Through the work program the student may derive not only healthy exercise but a sense of the details arising from living in a group. He learns to collaborate with others and to undertake with them enterprises for the common good, cheerfully. He may also acquire familiarity with handling tools and with such mechanical techniques as plumbing, carpentry, wiring, fire-fighting, clerical work.
A farm, owned by the College but operated as an independent economic unit, provides practical experience in a basic, productive enterprise. Its aims are threefold: to furnish milk, meat, vegetables and eggs to the College kitchen, to improve soil fertility, and to serve as a laboratory for academic subjects bearing on agriculture and its relationship to society. Community members help with chores, corn-cutting, haying.
Black Mountain College makes no sharp distinction between curricular and extracurricular activities. Everything is considered part of the educational life. It relies largely upon its own resources to provide entertainment and social diversion. Students and faculty alike present concerts, plays, exhibitions, readings. Considerable imagination is expressed in the planning of parties. The aim is to integrate into social relationships the same principles or order and of originality that are derived from study and creative work.
There are no required courses. A student chooses what he wishes to study, in consultation with his faculty advisor. Black Mountain College provides a situation in which students and teachers may take advantage of tried methods of education or experiment with new ideas which they may wish to test. This means that the curriculum is flexible and that results are estimated on a larger rather than a shorter term of effort. For this reason reports on students do not consist of credit hours and term grades (except for transfer purposes). Rather, the faculty discusses during the year an individual’s progress and does its best to aid him toward fulfillment.
COURSES OF INSTRUCTION
Each year study is conducted in the four fields of the Arts, Languages and Literature, Mathematics and Science, and Social Science. Specific courses vary from year to year according to faculty in residence, student demands, and needs. These courses are supplemented by tutorials and informal study groups, which handle material not included in the formal schedule. Training toward independent and self-directed work is an aim of the College. Students are advised to make a schedule that will give them time to do outside work on their own. They are also advised, at least in a long range way, to balance their programs between reading, making, and doing.
The following courses were given during 1949-1950. They are typical of the areas covered during a year. Courses for 1950-1951 will be announced shortly before the beginning of classes in the fall. Students interested in taking certain courses at a certain time should inquire whether such courses are to be given.
ANTHROPOLOGY
Physical Anthropology; History, Theories, and Methods of Anthropology; Introduction to General Anthropology; Anthropology of Africa
ART
Drawing; Painting; Color; Design
HISTORY
America Since 1900; Medieval European History; Modern European History
LANGUAGE
French; German; Russian; Linguistics
LITERATURE
American Fiction 1835-1900; Modern American Literature; History of English Poetry; Studies in Poetic Form; The Achievements of Marcel Proust
MATHEMATICS
Algebra; Calculus; Advanced Calculus; Geometry for Artists; Introduction to Mathematics
MUSIC
Music Appreciation; Fundamentals of Music; Counterpoint; Composition; Analysis of Contemporary Music; Harmony; Solfeggio; Violin; Piano; Voice; Chorus
PHILOSOPHY
Philosophy in a New Key; An Introduction to the Philosophy of Plato; Theory of Knowledge; Ethics
SCIENCE
Elementary Physics; Introduction to Atomic Physics; Advanced Physics; Application of Mathematics to Physics; Organic Chemistry; Properties of Plastics and Metals; Botany (available at neighboring college); Genetics (Physical Anthropology)
SOCIOLOGY
Knowledge and Society; Introduction to the Social Sciences
WORKSHOPS
Bookbinding; Ceramics; Dance; Farm; Photography; Printing; Weaving; Writing
PLAN OF STUDY
Although there are no required courses and no required number of credit hours, the beginning student who is not sure what he wants to do is advised to take a diversified program. (Ordinarily students roll in 3 to 5 classes, depending on the kind, the work expected, the number of hours of weekly meeting, and the student’s general situation.) The courses he chooses are intended to increase his knowledge in more than one field, and to clarify the direction of his interest. The entering student who knows the main direction of his interest and has already investigated other fields may concentrate upon the field of his interest.
There is no division into freshman, sophomore, junior, senior classes at Black Mountain College. Education is normally a matter of 4 years, but it may be more or it may be less. Graduation is not calculated primarily in terms of time spent, but rather in terms of achievement. The curriculum of the College is not organized exclusively toward graduation but is designed to meet the needs of students whatever their aims may be.
When it is evident that a student is ready to work toward graduating in a special area, he prepares a plan of study in his field with the help of his advisor. Permission to prepare specifically for graduation depends upon faculty approval of this plan, and upon written and oral examinations. The examination begins with questions which are meant to test the student’s powers of observation, his judgement, his ability to reason, his imagination, his personal attitudes. Then he is examined in the main fields of knowledge; natural sciences, social sciences, literature, languages, arts. He is examined also in his preparation thus far in his special field. The examination is concluded with an oral interview which is meant to supplement the written portions in whatever way seems relevant. The student is expected to have learned to work by himself and to assume responsibility in the community.
GRADUATION
When a student has completed his plan of study he asks to be examined for graduation. If the faculty finds his work satisfactory, an outside examiner is invited to the College. For the student intending to continue his studies and knowing which graduate school he desires to enter, the College attempts to obtain an outside examiner from that school. Otherwise the College invites the best available examiner in the field of the student’s major interest.
The examiner usually requires papers covering the student’s field of study. These are followed by oral examination. Exhibitions or performances may supplement the papers. Graduation is decided upon by the faculty, which bases decision on the report of the examiner and on the student’s entire record at the College.
Examinations for graduation during the past 2 years have been given by the following outside examiners: Louis M. Hacker, Professor of Economics, Columbia University and Oxford; Richard Lippold, head of the Art Section, Trenton Junior College and School of Industrial Arts; William J. Mitchell, Associate Professor of Music, Columbia University; Howard Thomas, Professor of the Arts, University of Georgia.
Beginning this year, Black Mountain College will confer the Bachelor’s degree.
SUMMER SESSION
Black Mountain College conducts a summer session with an emphasis upon one or more of the arts. The session runs for 8 weeks during July and August.
A guest faculty of men and women outstanding in their fields is invited to augment the teachers already in residence. Recent guests have been Buckminster Fuller, Merce Cunningham, John Cage, Carol Brice, Willem de Kooning, Richard Lippold. Members of the regular college faculty offer courses or tutorials upon request.
The summer session offers an opportunity for a short period of intensive work and experimentation. It also gives to the newcomer an opportunity to come into touch with the processes of education in the setting of the Black Mountain College community.
The fee for the summer term, which is open to approximately 75 students, is $380. Application for fee reduction is made on the same basis as for other semesters. Full information about the 1950 summer session may be obtained from the registrar.
ADMISSION TO THE STUDENT BODY
Black Mountain College is open to all applicants. It has no quotas or barriers of any kind.
Admission to the student body is determined by a committee composed of faculty members and students. It is the function of this committee to form an opinion of what sort of person an applicant is, of his previous training and experience, and of what likelihood there seems to be that he will be benefited by attending the College and will in turn contribute to the life of the College.
The College has adopted no fixed regulations concerning age or scholastic background of applicants. It prefers to consider each individual case upon its merits. Customarily the prospective student presents a high school record or its equivalent, a transcript of any other college work, 5 references, and health and oculist certificates. If grades are low, the committee will expect evidence of compensatory qualifications. It looks for, among other things, seriousness of purpose and interest in the particular kind of educational experience that Black Mountain College seeks to achieve.
The College will write directly to the references, given on the application for admission, for letters of recommendation and for records of previous work.
A personal interview with a representative from the College is advised when this is at all possible.
It has been found desirable, under certain circumstances, for a prospective student to visit the College before applying for admission. The time preferable for doing this is during the semester preceding the one in which he wishes to enter. The committee will not act while an applicant is visiting the College.
Applicants, on admission, are expected to comply with certain financial arrangements. (see financial information)
Students may enter at any time in the college year.
Students who withdraw from the College without obtaining a leave of absence from the faculty must make regular application for re-admission if they wish to return.
The number of students is limited to 90.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Black Mountain College charges a fee of $1600, which covers tuition and room and board for the regular academic year of 2 semesters. The schedule of payment is as follows:
On notification of acceptance $200
On opening day of fall semester 800
On opening day of spring semester 600
Students unable to pay this fee should apply for a fee reduction. It is the specific desire of the College that students should not be excluded for financial reasons.
The fee of $1600 is intended to cover all of a student’s expenses except those that are purely personal, and the following items:
Application fee (not refundable) $5
Contingency and breakage deposit (refundable) 25
Linen fee 13
Examination for graduation 35
Fee for late payment of any bill 10
Transcript 1
The College writes a financial agreement with each student each year. The agreement is signed by the student and by the person responsible for payment of fees. A minimum payment of $200 is due at the time of the agreement is ratified. The payment reserves a place at the College for the student. This deposit is credited to the student’s fee. It is not refundable except at faculty discretion; for a withdrawal from a reserved place at the last moment may create a vacancy which otherwise could have been filled. Other payments may be arranged at the convenience of the student or his sponsors, with the final installment (usually no more than 3/5 of the total) due at the beginning of the second semester.
Veterans planning to attend under the provisions of the GI Bill should write for details.
STUDENT AID
The College desires representation of a wide cross-section of life, economically as well as geographically. To prevent restriction to a single economic stratum, aid in the form of fee reduction is granted as far as the resources of the College permit. Those who can are required to pay the full cost of their education. Students who want to come to the College but who cannot afford this cost are encouraged to apply for fee reduction.
In order to arrive at a fair figure, those who cannot afford the full fee of $1600 are required to make an annual confidential statement of their financial resources on a blank furnished for the purpose by the College. On the basis of this statement the committee on student fees grants reductions.
There is no provision for students’ working their way through Black Mountain College, since everyone works as much as he can. No distinction of any kind is made between students on the basis of what they pay. Unless they wish personally to make them known, their financial agreements are confidential. All work done by students is done on their own responsibility and without regard to their financial status.
Loans for tuition can be made to a few students already in residence, from the Derek Bovingdon Memorial Fund, set up in memory of a former student.
LOCATION AND LIVING ACCOMODATIONS
Black Mountain College is located in the Great Craggy Mountains of western North Carolina, at an altitude of 2400 feet. It is 5 miles from the town of Black Mountain and 15 miles east of Asheville. The property contains approximately 600 acres of land. Most of the land is wooded, but there is a farm of about 30 acres and a considerable number of buildings well adapted to the needs of the College.
The dining hall lies at the southern end of a small lake and looks up the mountain valley toward Mt. Mitchell. Around the lake on the north rim is the Studies Building, designed by A. Lawrence Kocher and built by students and faculty. The Studies Building contains individual studies for students and faculty, and a few classrooms. It and the dining hall are the centers of activity. Students sleep in lodges which serve as dormitories, or in temporary housing units supplied by the government. Faculty families and married students occupy cottages and apartments. A network of paths leads also to library, workshops, music practice rooms, farmhouse and barns.
Members of the teaching staff, their families, and the students live in neighboring buildings, and have their meals together, sharing voluntarily in the serving of food. Each student has a study, which is equipped with shelves, writing surface, and light. Any other decorative or functional units he must supply himself. Each student shares a bedroom with at least one other. Bedroom furniture, 2 double blankets, and linen are supplied and the linen is laundered by the College. Students and all other community members take care of their own rooms.
The climate at Black Mountain is moderate and healthy. Clothing appropriate for walking in the mountains and for working outdoors should be provided as well as ordinary city clothes. Since old clothes or work clothes are worn during the day, an extensive wardrobe is neither necessary nor desirable.
Most students take advantage of the automatic washing machine and do their own laundry. For others there is a good commercial laundry in the town nearby. The college store stocks many items such as cigarettes and soap, selling only enough above cost to take care of running expenses and maintenance.
No pets should be brought unless permission is received.
Students may have automobiles but there are no garage facilities.
Firearms, if brought, must be kept in the office.
Black Mountain College is just off U.S. Highway 70. The town of Black Mountain is on one of the main lines of the Southern Railway and is easily accessible by motor car and busses. Direct railway service connects Black Mountain with New York and Chicago, and the Delta Airlines has an airport in Asheville. There is no public transportation available from the town of Black Mountain to the College, although taxis can be hired and busses run within a mile and a half.
THE LIBRARY
The college library, housed in a one-story frame building overlooking the lake, contain about 11,000 volumes, cataloged according to the Library of Congress system. There are another 1500 volumes in faculty members’ collections. The library subscribes to 40 newspapers an periodicals.
The nucleus of the present library was created from the collections of faculty and students in the early days of the College. This tradition has been perpetuated by successive members of the community. In addition, an unusually large number of authors and other friends of the College have contributed their books.
A regular annual appropriation for the purchasing of recent publications assures steady and coordinated growth. Direct purchases are almost all made to meet the specific needs of individuals courses. Also the University of North Carolina and Duke University have extended the courtesy of their Interlibrary Loan Services, through which books required for more specialized work are available for limited periods.
The atmosphere in the library as elsewhere on campus is informal. The library is always open, every volume is easily accessible, the honor system of taking and returning books is employed. A reading room is available for reserve books.
LABORATORIES
A new science laboratory, designed by students, is under construction to replace the one that burned down in October, 1948. It is expected to be ready for use in physics and chemistry courses by Fall, 1950.
The College has a small biology laboratory.
A new ceramics building and kiln will be ready for full use by Summer, 1950.
OTHER EQUIPMENT
The music department has a studio equipped with piano, radio, and phonograph, as well as a library of musical scores and 400 albums of phonograph records. The College owns 6 grand pianos and 2 upright pianos. There are additional music practice rooms, one specially designed and constructed by Paul Beidler, architect.
For weaving there are a number of hand looms.
The College has a print shop with 2 job presses.
A woodworking shop is equipped with hand and power tools, which may be used for building things needed by the College as well as for individual woodworking projects.
HEALTH
A health certificate and an oculist’s certificate are required of all applicants for admission. The College reserves the right to insist upon inoculations at any time should occasion for them arise; and to insist upon any health measures that its medical consultants may prescribe.
An infirmary has been provided in which people suffering from minor ailments or injuries may be isolated and cared for. The College at the present time has no resident nurse, but a doctor from Black Mountain makes regular College calls. Asheville is well supplied not only with modern hospital facilities but also with specialists in various fields of medicine.
The College cannot provide special diets.
FACULTY AND STAFF 1949-1950
DAVID H. CORKRAN Teacher of American History and Literature
A.B., Wesleyan University, M.A., Harvard University.
Head of English Department, North Shore Country Day School, Winnetka, Illinois, 1926-1944; Assistant Headmaster and Dean of Boys, 1936-1944; Instructor in Winnetka Graduate Teachers’ College, 1932-1944.
Contributor to PROGRESSIVE EDUCATION MAGAZINE and ENGLISH JOURNAL.
MAX DEHN Teacher of Mathematics and Philosophy
Ph.D., University of Goettingen.
Professor of Mathematics in German Universities, 1900-1935. Professor of Mathematics, Tekniske Hoiskole, Trondhjem, Norway, 1939-1940. Assistant Professor of Mathematics and Philosophy, University of Idaho, 1941-1942. Visiting lecturer, Illinois Institute of Technology, 1942-1943. Tutor, St. Johns’ College, 1943-1944. Visiting Professor of Mathematics, University of Wisconsin, 1946, 1948-1949. Visiting Professor of Mathematics, Notre Dame University, Summer, 1949.
Honorary member of India Mathematical Society. Member of the Norwegian Academy of Science.
JOSEPH FIORE Teacher of Painting and Drawing
Exhibitor in one-man shows in Cleveland and San Francisco. Prize winner in national and regional exhibitions in San Francisco and Cleveland.
ALVIN Z. FREEMAN Teacher of History
A.B., Virginia Military Institute. M.A., Brown University.
MARGARET W. FREEMAN Choral Director
A.B., Brown University. M.A., Smith College.
NATASHA GOLDOWSKI Teacher of Physics and Chemistry
Ph.D., Sc.D., University of Paris.
VOLLMER HETHERINGTON Teacher of Music and Violin
Graduate of New England Conservatory of Music, Mus.B., M.A., Boston University.
Former member of Andover String Quartet.
LOUISE HETHERINGTON Teacher of Piano
Graduate of New England Conservatory of Music.
JOHANNA JALOWETZ Teacher of Voice and Bookbinding
Studied voice in Olomouc, Czechoslovakia, and in Vienna. Studied bookbinding in Cologne and New York.
ELIZABETH JENNERJAHN Teacher of Dance
Student of Martha Graham, Merce Cunningham.
WARREN P. JENNERJAHN Teacher of Color and Design
M.S., University of Wisconsin.
Exhibiting artist since 1940.
HAZEL LARSEN Teacher of Photography
B.S., Milwaukee State Teachers’ College.
Exhibiting photographer and Modern Museum award winner.
PAUL W. LESER Teacher of Anthropology
Ph.D., University of Bonn. Ph.D.hab., Darmstadt Institute of Technology. Professor of Anthropology, Darmstadt Institute, 1929-1933. Professor of Anthropology, University of Stockholm, 1936-1941. Associate Professor of Anthropology, The New School for Social Research, 1942. Professor of Anthropology, Olivet College, 1947-1949.
Author of ORIGIN AND DIFFUSION OF THE PLOW; CULTURAL INTERRELATIONS BETWEEN EUROPE, THE MIDDLE EAST, AND THE FAR EAST; other books and articles on anthropology.
ALBERT WILLIAM LEVI Teacher of Philosophy and Social Science
A.B., Dartmouth College, M.A., Ph.D. University of Chicago.
Instructor in Philosophy, Dartmouth College, 1935-1937; Assistant Professor, 1938-1941. Research Associate in the Social Sciences, Cooperative Study in General Education, and Assistant Professor of Education, University of Chicago, 1942-1944; Assistant Professor of Social Science, 1944-1945.
Author of RATIONAL BELIEF; THE SOCIAL STUDIES AND GENERAL EDUCATION; articles and reviews. Editor of LOGIC OF LANGUAGE.
JOHN H. McCANDLESS Teacher of Printing
A.B., Franklin and Marshall College. Graduate study at Pendle Hill.
NELL RICE Librarian
MARY CAROLINE RICHARDS Teacher of Literature and Writing
A.B., Reed College, M.A., Ph.D., University of California.
Instructor in English, University of California, 1942, 1944. Instructor in English, Central Washington College of Education, 1943. Instructor in English, University of Chicago, 1945.
Author of POEMS; “Thomas Hardy’s Ironic Vision.”
FIOLA L. SHEPARD Teacher of Language and Linguistics
M.A., George Washington University. Anna Ottendorfer Memorial Fellow in Germanic Studies, University of Vienna.
Member of the faculty at Ohio State University, Bryn Mawr College, Morehead (Ky.) State Teachers’ College. Professor of Language and Linguistics, Olivet College, 1935-1949.
ELLEN SIEGEL Teaching of Weaving
Cranbrook Academy of Art.
Exhibiting weaver and award winner.
RAYMOND S. TRAYER Farmer and Teacher of Farming
A.B., Franklin and Marshall College. Graduate study at Springfield College and Pendle Hill.
ROBERT C. TURNER Ceramicist and Teacher of Ceramics
A.B., Swarthmore College. M.A., New York State College of Ceramics, Alfred University.
Exhibiting ceramicist and prize winner.
DON WARRINGTON College Treasurer
B.S., Drexel Institute of Technology.
Field worker and finance administrator for American Friends’ Service Committee unit in China, 1946-1948.
STAFF 1949-1950
Dietitians: June Rice, Vera B. Williams
Kitchen: George Williams, Cornelia Williams, Malry Few
Office: Marjorie Pearman, Eric Renner, Joan Stack
Maintenance: Margaret Daugherty, Walter Daugherty, M.F. Riddle, Ben Sneed.
Farm: Ben Morgan
STUDENTS 1949-1950
Alter, Donald New York, New York
Archer, Eleanor Seattle, Washington
Atkin, Adam New York, New York
Axelrod, Rima Croton, New York
Ayres, Thomas Greensboro, North Carolina
Baim, Joan Brooklyn, New York
Birns, Laurence Ozone Park, New York
Boyd, John Delafield, Wisconsin
Campbell, Jack Rutherford, New Jersey
Cannon, Jack Maplewood, New Jersey
Cernovich, Nichola Kewanee, Illinois
Dawson, Fielding Kirkwood, Missouri
Dretzin, William New York, New York
Dyer, Rosalind New York, New York
Fitton, Mary Hamilton, Ohio
Gillespie, Merrill Kewanee, Illinois
Ginesi, Errisinola Riverside, Connecticut
Harmon, Harvey Santa Monica, California
Harmon, Cliff Taos, New Mexico
Haugard, Daniel Oakdale, New York
Hedden, Mark Norwalk, Connecticut
Heller, Joan Cincinnati, Ohio
Homire, Cynthia Alstead, New Hampshire
Hursh, Frank Wichita Fall, Texas
Jessen, Anna New Haven, Connecticut
Joseph, Wililam Cincinnati, Ohio
Kalos, Victor New York, New York
Karp, Bernard Fort Washington, Pennsylvania
Kennedy, Ernest and Evelyn B. Atlanta, Georgia
LaFarge, Timothy Mt. Carmel, Connecticut
Landis, Jerry El Cajon, California
Levy, Jerrold Aspen, Colorado
MacHenry, Trueman Casper, Wyoming
Mitchell, Mel Sedalia, Missouri
Morgan, Bert Cecilton, Maryland
Negro, Richard Fair Lawn, New Jersey
Nemenyi, Peter Whiteoak, Maryland
Noland, Neil Asheville, North Carolina
Oates, Andrew Graniteville, Rhode Island
Oppenheimer, Joel Yonkers, New York
Phillips, Vernon Detroit, Michigan
Ray, Hubert Fort Mill, South Carolina
Rice, Dan and June Long Beach, California
Shellhase, Cicely Noroton Heights, Connecticut
Stetzel, David Carroll, Iowa
Sultzbach, Shirley Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Tananbaum, David Detroit, Michigan
Vanderbeek, Stanley New York, New York
Vanderlind, John Pontiac, Michigan
Wallace, Dan West Palm Beach, Florida
Watt, Jay New Haven, Connecticut
Williams, Paul and Vera B. Black Mountain, North Carolina
